 最近通过做实验总结出一种数据库恢复方法，对今后的工作很有帮助： 数据库为非归档状态，只有一周前的数据文档的备份，无redolog，归档日志和controlfile的备份，此种情况一但数据库出故障只能做不完全恢复，会丢失一周前做备份时到出故障那一时候的任何数据，具体恢复方法如下: 操作系统为solaris8,内存2g，2颗cpu. 实验步骤： $sqlplus /nolog sql>connect / as sysdba sql> archive log list database log mode no archive mode automatic archival enabled archive destination /opt/oracle/arch/orcl oldest online log sequence 895 current log sequence 897 sql> select * from v$logfile; group# status ---------- ------- member -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 /opt/oracle/db04/oradata/orcl/redo03.log 2 /opt/oracle/db03/oradata/orcl/redo02.log 1 /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/orcl/redo01.log sql> select * from v$controlfile; status ------- name -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl /opt/oracle/db03/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl /opt/oracle/db04/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl sql>alter database backup controlfile to trace; (备份控制文档,此时会在$oracle_base/admin/orcl/udump目录里生成trace文档) sql> shutdown immediate (关闭当前数据库) database closed. database dismounted. oracle instance shut down. sql> quit disconnected 模拟数据丢失： 删除当前任何的数据文档,控制文档和redolog文档: $rm -rf ?/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/orcl/* $rm /opt/oracle/db03/oradata/orcl/redo02.log $rm /opt/oracle/db03/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl $rm /opt/oracle/db04/oradata/orcl/redo03.log $rm /opt/oracle/db04/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl 把一周前备份的数据文档copy回来，目录结构和以前相同，但这时因为没有redolog和controlfile文档，数据库只能启动到nomount状态: 编辑udump目录下生成的orcl_ora_7140.trc文档，把里面的创建controlfile的那部分内容粘贴下来放在sql里执行: （这里要注意一定要用resetlogs方式重建控制文档，resetlogs之后会生成新的redolog,并且把当前redofile的sequence置为1,否则创建控制文档会失败)： sql>startup nomount sql> create controlfile reuse database "orcl" resetlogs noarchivelog 2 maxlogfiles 32 3 maxlogmembers 2 4 maxdatafiles 254 5 maxinstances 8 6 maxloghistory 907 7 logfile 8 group 1 /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/orcl/redo01.log size 50000k, 9 group 2 /opt/oracle/db03/oradata/orcl/redo02.log size 50000k, 10 group 3 /opt/oracle/db04/oradata/orcl/redo03.log size 50000k 11 datafile 12 /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf, 13 /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/orcl/tools01.dbf, 14 /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/orcl/rbs01.dbf, 15 /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf, 16 /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf, 17 /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/orcl/indx01.dbf, 18 /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/orcl/drsys01.dbf, 19 /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/orcl/wacos.dbf, 20 /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/orcl/wacos01.dbf, 21 /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/orcl/wacos02.dbf, 22 /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/orcl/wacos03.dbf, 23 /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/orcl/wacos04.dbf, 24 /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/orcl/wacos05.dbf, 25 /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/orcl/wacos06.dbf, 26 /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/orcl/nms.dbf, 27 /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/orcl/test.dbf 28 character set we8iso8859p1; control file created. sql> alter database open resetlogs;(以resetlogs方式打开数据库) database altered. sql> select status from v$instance; (检查数据库的状态) status ------- open sql> select * from v$logfile; (检查logfile的状态) group# status ---------- ------- member -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 /opt/oracle/db04/oradata/orcl/redo03.log 2 /opt/oracle/db03/oradata/orcl/redo02.log 1 /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/orcl/redo01.log sql> select * from v$controlfile; (检查控制文档的状态) status ------- name -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl /opt/oracle/db03/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl /opt/oracle/db04/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl |
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